How to Mail FOIA Requests (2025): Freedom of Information Act Request Guide
Mail Your FOIA Request with Tracking
Get proof of when your FOIA request was sent and received. Upload your request and we'll send it via certified mail.
Send FOIA Request NowThe Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) gives you the right to request records from federal agencies. While many agencies now accept online requests, some still require or accept requests by mail. This guide covers how to mail a FOIA request, what to include, where to send it, and how to track your request.
What Is FOIA?
The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) is a federal law that gives the public the right to request access to records from any federal agency. Agencies are required to disclose records unless they fall under specific exemptions (such as national security or personal privacy).
Table of Contents
What You Can Request Under FOIA
FOIA applies to federal executive branch agencies. You can request many types of records:
You CAN Request
- • Agency policies and procedures
- • Government contracts
- • Agency communications and emails
- • Investigation reports
- • Your own records held by agencies
- • Environmental reports
- • Agency spending records
Exempt from FOIA
- • Classified national security info
- • Internal personnel rules
- • Trade secrets and commercial info
- • Personal privacy information
- • Law enforcement investigation files
- • Financial institution info
- • Congress and federal courts (not covered by FOIA)
State vs. Federal FOIA
FOIA only applies to federal agencies. Each state has its own public records law (often called "open records" or "sunshine" laws). If you want state or local government records, search for your state's specific public records request process.
How to Write a FOIA Request Letter
A FOIA request doesn't require a specific form—a letter is sufficient. Here's what to include:
Required Elements
- State it's a FOIA request:
"This is a request under the Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S.C. § 552."
- Describe the records you want:
Be as specific as possible. Include dates, names, subject matter, or any identifying information.
- State your fee category:
Commercial, educational, news media, or "all other requesters."
- Set a fee limit (optional):
"I am willing to pay fees up to $[amount]."
- Include your contact information:
Name, address, phone number, email.
Sample FOIA Request Letter
Tips for Better Requests
- • Be specific - vague requests take longer and may be denied
- • Include date ranges - "records from January 2020 to December 2024"
- • Name relevant offices - if you know which division has the records
- • Request expedited processing if you have an urgent need
- • Request a fee waiver if you're a journalist or public interest organization
Finding the Right Agency FOIA Address
Each federal agency has its own FOIA office. You must send your request to the correct agency—the one that holds the records you want.
How to Find the Address
- Search "[Agency Name] FOIA" on Google
- Visit FOIA.gov for a directory of all agency FOIA contacts
- Check the agency's website for their FOIA page
- Many agencies have online portals, and most also accept FOIA requests by mail (always confirm the agency's current instructions)
Common Agency FOIA Contacts
Always verify current addresses at FOIA.gov or the agency website:
- • FBI: Record Information/Dissemination Section, Winchester, VA
- • IRS: IRS FOIA Request, Stop 211, Kansas City, MO
- • DHS: Privacy Office/FOIA, Washington, DC
- • DOJ: Office of Information Policy, Washington, DC
- • State Department: IPS/PA/PPD, Washington, DC
Online Portals Often Faster
Many agencies now have online FOIA portals at FOIA.gov. Online submission is often faster and provides automatic tracking. However, mail is still accepted by all agencies.
How to Mail Your FOIA Request
Preparing Your Mail
- • Print your request letter
- • Sign the letter
- • Make a copy for your records
- • Mark envelope: "FOIA Request" on the outside
- • Include return address
Recommended Mailing Method
- • Certified Mail with Return Receipt - proves when sent and received
- • Priority Mail - faster delivery with tracking
- • Keep tracking information until request is complete (learn how to track certified mail)
- • Proof of receipt helps if agency claims it was never received
Why Tracking Matters
Agencies have 20 business days to respond to your FOIA request. The clock starts when they receive your letter. Having proof of delivery (via certified mail) establishes when the 20-day period begins.
What Happens After You Mail Your Request
The FOIA Process Timeline
- Acknowledgment: Agency sends confirmation with tracking number
- Initial Response: Due within 20 business days
- Extension (if needed): Agency may request 10 additional days
- Records Release: You receive records (may be partial)
- Appeal (if denied): You can appeal within the agency
Reality Check: Processing Times
While the law requires a response within 20 business days, actual processing often takes months. Complex requests, large volumes of records, or backlogged agencies can lead to significant delays. You can request expedited processing if you meet specific criteria.
Tracking Your Request
- • Save your FOIA tracking number from the acknowledgment letter
- • Most agencies have online tracking systems
- • Check FOIA.gov for some agencies' status tracking
- • You can contact the agency FOIA office to check status
Appealing a FOIA Denial
If your request is denied (fully or partially), you have the right to appeal within the agency.
Appeal Deadlines
Appeal deadlines vary by agency, but many give around 90 days. Follow the deadline listed in your denial letter—it will include appeal instructions and the exact timeframe. Use certified mail for appeals to prove you met the deadline.
Appeal Process
- Write an appeal letter explaining why records should be released
- Mail to the agency's FOIA appeals office (address in denial letter)
- Agency has 20 business days to respond to appeal
- If appeal is denied, you can sue in federal court
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I submit a FOIA request by mail?
Write a letter stating you're making a FOIA request, describe the records you want, include your contact information, and mail it to the correct agency's FOIA office. Mark the envelope "FOIA Request" to ensure proper routing.
Should I send my FOIA request by certified mail?
While not required, sending FOIA requests via certified mail is recommended. It provides proof of when you sent the request and when it was received. This documentation helps if there are disputes about response deadlines.
Where do I mail a FOIA request?
Each federal agency has its own FOIA office and mailing address. Search for "[Agency Name] FOIA" or visit FOIA.gov to find the correct address. Many agencies also have online portals that are faster than mail.
How long does a FOIA response take?
Agencies must respond within 20 business days, but can extend for complex requests. In practice, responses often take months depending on the agency and request complexity. Expedited processing is available in certain circumstances.
Does FOIA apply to state governments?
No, FOIA is a federal law that applies only to federal executive branch agencies. Each state has its own public records laws. Search for "[Your State] public records request" for your state's process.
Can I request my own records under FOIA?
Yes, you can request your own records that federal agencies hold. For certain records (like immigration files), you may also need to file under the Privacy Act. Include proof of identity with your request.
Mail Your FOIA Request with Tracking
Send your Freedom of Information Act request via Certified Mail—next-business-day mailing for orders by 8 PM ET.
Send FOIA Request NowRelated Government Mailing Guides
Last updated: • FOIA request mailing guide
Tags: mail FOIA request, Freedom of Information Act request, FOIA mailing address, how to file FOIA request